Yangtze River Economic Belt

Since China made the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt a national strategy, the country has shown firm determination in enhancing the ecological protection of its "mother river" and facilitating green, sustainable and high-quality development.

The sprawling economic belt covers 11 provinces and municipalities from west to east, with Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and Chongqing in the upper reaches, Hubei, Hunan and Jiangxi at the center, and Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Shanghai in the lower reaches.

TOP LEADERSHIP BLUEPRINT

Five years ago, Chinese President Xi Jinping presided over a meeting on the Yangtze River Economic Belt in the Chongqing Municipality, which unveiled a new chapter for the ecological conservation and green development of the region.

The status and role of the river and economic belt mean development must prioritize ecology and green development to respect natural, economic and social rules, said Xi.

Two years later at a symposium held in Wuhan, capital of central China's Hubei Province, Xi stressed the importance of achieving high-quality economic growth through the development of the economic belt.

"In developing the economic belt, the key lies in properly dealing with the relationships between pressing ahead on the whole and making breakthroughs in key areas, between ecological environment protection and economic development, between making an overall plan and making unremitting efforts, between getting rid of old growth engines and cultivating new engines, and between developing individually and developing in a coordinated way," he said.

At a symposium he chaired last November in Nanjing, east China's Jiangsu Province, Xi said that provinces and municipalities along the Yangtze River should find their respective positions in the new "dual circulation" development pattern and take the initiative to open up their markets to the world.

UNREMITTING CONSERVATION EFFORTS

Over the past five years, transitional changes have taken place in the ecological and environmental protection of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.

A total of 8,091 chemical enterprises have been relocated, transformed or suspended along the economic belt in the past five years.

In the first 10 months of last year, over 86.1 percent of the region's water met a level-three standard or above, rising 12.8 percentage points from 2016, official data shows. China classifies water quality into six levels, from level one, which is suitable for drinking after minimal treatment, to level six, which is severely polluted.

The country's top legislature adopted a law at the end of last year on Yangtze River conservation, which will take effect on March 1, 2021.

As China's first legislation for a specific river basin, the law was formulated to strengthen the protection and restoration of the ecological environment of the Yangtze River basin, facilitate the effective and rational use of resources, safeguard ecological security, ensure harmony between humans and nature, and achieve sustainable development.

A 10-year fishing ban, effective from Jan. 1, covers all key waters of the Yangtze River. The move will help the country's longest waterway recover from dwindling aquatic resources and degrading biodiversity. A fishing ban in 332 conservation areas along the river has been in place since the beginning of 2020.

Photo taken on Jan. 1, 2021 shows the Three Gorges Dam in central China's Hubei Province. (Photo by Xiang Hongmei/Xinhua)

GREEN DEVELOPMENT

Practices undertaken by China have shown that development and environmental protection are not contradictory but complementary.

The Yangtze River Economic Belt generated 46.6 percent of the country's GDP in the first three quarters of 2020.

In terms of innovation, the country has promoted the development of national strategic emerging industrial clusters and advanced manufacturing clusters, as well as the transformation and upgrading of heavy chemical industries along the Yangtze River, according to the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC).

More support will be offered for Wuhan, the island of Chongming in Shanghai, and Guangyang Isle in Chongqing to demonstrate green development, said the NDRC.

Three "poles of economic growth" have been formed along the river: the delta, city clusters along the central course, and the Chengdu-Chongqing economic zone, located in the upper reaches.

The Yangtze River is China's most vital domestic waterway, but it also has global importance. It is one of the busiest inland rivers for freight traffic worldwide, with the total goods trade of 11 provincial-level regions along the river hitting 12.7 trillion yuan (about 1.96 trillion U.S. dollars) in the first 11 months of last year, official data shows.

Authorities have vowed to continue improving the river's traffic capacity, promote innovation and industrial upgrading, boost urbanization, advance opening up, and establish a modern market economy.